True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
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1.
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The digital revolution became a significant factor in the 1980s but ended in the
1990s with the dot com bubble burst.
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2.
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The first digital computer was developed for conducting the census.
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3.
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Prior to 1940, the word computer was defined as a person who performs
calculations.
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4.
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An operating system is an example of application software.
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5.
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Because of increased versatility, a videogame console is now considered a
personal computer.
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6.
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An interpreter converts and executes one statement at a time.
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7.
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The term “form factor” refers to the size and dimensions of a
component, such as a system board.
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8.
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You can easily identify the microprocessor when looking inside a computer, as it
is the only chip on the motherboard.
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9.
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The speed of CD, DVD and Blu-ray drives are all measured on the same scale,
based upon the original 1.2 megabits per second data transfer rate of the first CD drives.
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10.
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A keyboard is an example of a pointing device.
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11.
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Utility software includes diagnostics that track down and fix disk
errors.
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12.
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A zombie is a computer under the control of a bad bot.
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13.
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During a typical computing session, your computer might run an average of 50
processes.
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14.
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A sequence of events that occurs between the time that you turn on a computer
and the time that it is ready for you to issue commands is referred to as the boot process.
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15.
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In a dual boot system, you must select which operating system to use.
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16.
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When you use Windows, Mac OS, or a Linux graphical file manager, each
subdirectory is depicted as a folder.
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17.
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A file extension is always the same as a file format.
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18.
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File management utilities usually retain the files within a folder when that
folder is deleted.
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19.
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Viruses can damage files to the point that your computer can't access any
data on its hard disk.
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20.
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Some systems streamline the backup process by restoring a computer’s
operating system, device drivers, settings, and data in a single step--a process called restore
pointing.
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21.
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A bus topology connects all devices to a common backbone, which functions as a
shared communications link.
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22.
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The wave on the top in the accompanying figure depicts an analog signal.
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23.
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When two packets collide in an Ethernet network, as illustrated in the
accompanying figure, the two devices wait for random time periods before retransmitting to prevent a
collision from reoccurring.
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24.
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In the accompanying figure, the item on the left in the accompanying figure can
be used with a notebook or desktop computer.
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25.
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A transceiver is a combination of a transmitter and a receiver.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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26.
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In 1982, the percentage of households that had a computer was fewer than ____
percent.
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27.
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A group of computers linked by wired or wireless technology is a(n) ____.
a. | network | c. | cyberspace | b. | Web | d. | Internet |
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28.
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____ tools cloak a person’s identity online.
a. | Anonymizer | c. | ID free | b. | Free ID | d. | Cloaking |
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29.
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In a computer, most processing takes place in ____.
a. | memory | c. | the CPU | b. | RAM | d. | the motherboard |
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30.
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The binary number 10 represents ____ in the decimal number system.
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31.
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1,048,576 bytes is a ____.
a. | kilobyte | c. | gigabyte | b. | megabyte | d. | terabyte |
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32.
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The accompanying figure represents two types of chip carriers. The one on the
left is a ____.
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33.
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The ____ houses all essential chips and provides connecting circuitry between
them.
a. | system board | c. | circuit board | b. | housing board | d. | chip board |
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34.
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C, BASIC, COBOL, and Java are examples of ____ programming languages.
a. | low-level | c. | system | b. | computer | d. | high-level |
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35.
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A(n) ____ converts and executes one statement at a time.
a. | compiler | c. | converter | b. | interpreter | d. | instruction |
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36.
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____, as shown in the accompanying figure can be directly executed by the
processors’s circuitry.
a. | Machine sets | c. | Programming language | b. | Machine language | d. | none of the
above |
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37.
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The accompanying figure represents the instruction cycle. The first step is Box
A and represents the ____.
a. | fetch instruction | c. | execute instruction | b. | interpret instruction | d. | increment
pointer |
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38.
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The accompanying figure represents the instruction cycle. The fourth step is Box
D and represents the ____.
a. | fetch instruction | c. | execute instruction | b. | interpret instruction | d. | increment
pointer |
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39.
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A ____ is a series of characters that becomes a person’s unique
identifier.
a. | PIN code | c. | user ID | b. | password | d. | all of the
above |
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40.
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____ intercepts information sent over computer networks.
a. | Brute force | c. | Phishing | b. | Sniffing | d. | Cracking |
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41.
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Password management functions include all of the following EXCEPT ____.
a. | generating passwords | c. | providing password strength | b. | tracking
passwords | d. | recording
keystrokes |
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Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions
Case 1-3
Jim has just
purchased a new computer and it has made him think about how it works. He is particularly interested
in how information is processed and stored in his computer. He has come to you for help.
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42.
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Jim wants to know why a compiler converts all statements in a program at one
time and places them into an object code. You tell him it is so that ____.
a. | the code is ready to execute | b. | you can prevent the introduction of new
errors | c. | you can put it on a chip | d. | none of the
above |
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43.
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Jim knows that a collection of preprogrammed activities is an instruction set.
He wants to know what an instruction set is designed to do. You tell him it is designed to
____.
a. | carry out a particular task | b. | allow programmers to use them in creative ways
for multiple tasks | c. | limit the number of tasks the computer can
perform | d. | allow the program to run on multiple machines |
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44.
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____ are the form factor of choice for computer owners who might want to upgrade
components in the future because it is easy to get inside the case and swap out parts.
a. | Cube units | c. | Tower units | b. | Base units | d. | Minicases |
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45.
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A(n) ____ tablet configuration resembles a high-tech clipboard and lacks a
built-in keyboard.
a. | convertible | c. | ultra-mobile | b. | slate | d. | portable |
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46.
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A ____ computer is also referred to as a laptop computer.
a. | desktop | c. | notebook | b. | tablet | d. | PDA |
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47.
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RAM can be thought of as the ____ for the computer’s processor.
a. | factory | c. | waiting room | b. | operating room | d. | planning room |
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48.
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If the system runs out of RAM, the operating system uses an area of the hard
disk called ____ to store parts of a program or data file until they are needed.
a. | volatile memory | c. | virtual memory | b. | capacitor memory | d. | integrated
memory |
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49.
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____ is used by most of today's personal computers because it is fast and
relatively inexpensive.
a. | RDRAM | c. | SDRAM | b. | EEPROM | d. | none of the
above |
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50.
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A(n) ____ chip is a type of non-volatile memory chip that does not require power
to hold data.
a. | RAM | c. | SDRAM | b. | EEPROM | d. | all of the
above |
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51.
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A ____ is a touch-sensitive surface on which you can slide your fingers to move
the on-screen pointer.
a. | pointing stick | c. | trackball | b. | trackpad | d. | joystick |
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52.
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A(n) ____ is standard equipment on notebook computers.
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53.
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Dot pitch is the distance in millimeters between like-colored ____ —the
small dots of light that form an image.
a. | pixels | c. | points | b. | picas | d. | icons |
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54.
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Which is the highest resolution?
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55.
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____ is the most widely used language for communication between computers and
printers.
a. | Linux | c. | PCL | b. | PostScript | d. | USB |
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56.
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Hot plugging is allowed with what kind of devices?
a. | PCI | c. | FireWire | b. | USB | d. | both b and c |
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57.
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A ____ is a device that not only provides surge protection, but also furnishes
your computer with battery backup power during a power outage.
a. | surge strip | c. | UPS | b. | USB | d. | battery strip |
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58.
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A(n) ____ strip monitors the electrical current that passes from the outlet to
all the devices plugged into the strip.
a. | outlet | c. | backup | b. | surge | d. | battery |
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Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions
Case 2-3
An important
part of a computer system is storage. James works with computers both at home and at work. He needs
to move his spreadsheet and database files between the computers he uses at home and at work. He also
enjoys downloading MP3 music files and takes lots of digital photos.
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59.
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Jim likes to save MP3 files and photo files to disc and take them to work.
His work computer has a DVD-RW. For his home computer, which would be the best choice for an
optical disc drive?
a. | CD-RW | c. | CD-ROM | b. | DVD/R/RW/CD-RW | d. | Blu-ray |
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60.
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Adobe Reader works with files stored in standard ____ format.
a. | PDF | c. | HTML | b. | GIF | d. | both and c |
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61.
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A page layout includes ____.
a. | headers and footers | c. | graphical elements | b. | page numbers | d. | all of the
above |
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62.
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In the accompanying figure, the index card represents a single database
____.
a. | data | c. | record | b. | field | d. | item |
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63.
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In the accompanying figure, the items marked C represents ____.
a. | data | c. | records | b. | fields | d. | items |
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64.
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Software that is the musician’s equivalent to a word processor is
____.
a. | ear training | c. | computer-aided music | b. | notation | d. | music processor |
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65.
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In order for software to work on a given computer, it must meet ____.
a. | computer configuration | c. | software requirements | b. | operating
specifications | d. | system
requirements |
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66.
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It is illegal to do all the following with software EXCEPT ____.
a. | copy and sell to a friend | c. | copy and keep as
backup | b. | copy and give to a friend | d. | modify |
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67.
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Data files supplied with a software package support ____ file extensions.
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68.
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Portable software is ____.
a. | designed for portable devices | c. | designed to run from removable
storage | b. | licensed only for portable devices | d. | designed to run on portable
devices |
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69.
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A ____ is any software that can automate a task or autonomously execute a task
when commanded to do so.
a. | virus | c. | trojan horse | b. | worm | d. | bot |
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70.
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A virus signature is a(n) ____.
a. | type of utility that looks for and eradicates viruses | b. | unique series of
instructions | c. | unique series of values in the code | d. | the signature of the author of the
virus |
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71.
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All of the following are examples of resources EXCEPT ____.
a. | a file | c. | storage space | b. | RAM | d. | a peripheral |
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72.
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Activities associated with resource management include all of the following
EXCEPT ____.
a. | managing processor resources | b. | ensuring that input and output proceed in an
orderly manner | c. | keeping track of storage resources | d. | installing new
memory |
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73.
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Within a single program, ____ allows multiple parts to run
simultaneously.
a. | multitasking | c. | multiprocessing | b. | multithreading | d. | multicomputing |
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74.
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A ____ displays the options associated with a command.
a. | submenu | c. | menu selection | b. | dialog box | d. | all of the
above |
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75.
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Microsoft Windows is installed on more than ____ of the world’s personal
computers.
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76.
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In the Mac OS, the data ____ contains data or the commands for a program.
a. | file | c. | segment | b. | fork | d. | identifier |
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77.
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The operating system that was developed in 1969 by AT&T’s Bell Labs
and gained a good reputation for its dependability is ____.
a. | INIX | c. | LINUX | b. | UNIX | d. | LUNIX |
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78.
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Information kept about a file includes ____.
a. | size | c. | deletion date | b. | print settings | d. | all of the
above |
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79.
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Utilities like the one shown in the accompanying figure often use some sort of
storage metaphor to help you visualize and mentally organize the files on your disks. The metaphors
are called ____ storage models.
a. | visual | c. | logical | b. | file | d. | tree |
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80.
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A description of what actually happens on the disk and in the circuits is
represented by a ____.
a. | logic storage model | c. | disk storage model | b. | physical storage model | d. | computer storage
model |
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81.
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A group of sectors is called a ____.
a. | file system | c. | track | b. | cluster | d. | folder |
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Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions
Case 4-1
Tom and Andy
are discussing file storage. They are working on a major project and want to be sure they can store
their files in a way that they can easily find and share the files.
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82.
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Andy sent Tom a picture file as JPEG. Tom opens it and wants to convert it
to a GIF. To do that Tom should ____.
a. | he can’t do that | c. | open it in Photoshop and convert it | b. | ask Andy to resend
in the correct format | d. | none
of the above |
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Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions
Case 4-2
Charlie is
worried about something happening to his data. He uses it all the time in his business and if
something were to happen to it, he might lose his business. He has come to you for some answers on
how to secure his data files and protect this resource.
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83.
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Charlie wants to know where he should keep his backups. You tell him the most
secure storage location is ____.
a. | close to the computer containing the original data | b. | in a different
location | c. | in the computer room where it can easily be found | d. | none of the
above |
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84.
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Today, most networks like the one in the accompanying figure are configured with
____ technology.
a. | Token Ring | c. | Ethernet | b. | ARCnet | d. | FDDI |
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85.
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Which of the following can serve as a node on the network in a LAN?
a. | computer | c. | network device | b. | networked peripheral | d. | all of the
above |
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86.
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A ____ topology features a central connection point for all workstations and
peripherals.
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87.
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Dial-up Internet access is an example of a(n) ____ communications system.
a. | broadband | c. | narrowband | b. | slowband | d. | Internet 2 |
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88.
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Two devices on a network might have to negotiate their communications protocols
through a process called ____.
a. | handshaking | c. | realization | b. | synchronization | d. | introduction |
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89.
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A network ____ sends data only to the devices specified as the
destination.
a. | switch | c. | hub | b. | port | d. | keylogger |
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90.
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Which of the following is true about Bluetooth?
a. | It requires cables to connect electronic devices. | b. | It has a very long
transmission range of over 500 feet. | c. | It is used exclusively to connect workstations
to a LAN. | d. | It forms networks automatically when two or more devices are within
range. |
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91.
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Which of the following is NOT true about Wi-Fi standards?
a. | IEEE 802.11b is the original standard. | b. | All of the standards are cross
compatible. | c. | They are compatible with Ethernet. | d. | IEEE 802.11n is faster than, but compatible
with, b and g. |
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92.
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A ____ server is a computer whose primary purpose is to be a repository for
files that can be accessed by network workstations.
a. | file | c. | document | b. | print | d. | backup |
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93.
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To set up a print server, connect it to the printer’s ____ port and access
the configuration settings using your browser.
a. | FireWire | c. | serial | b. | USB | d. | ASP |
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94.
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Symptoms of network problems include which of the following?
a. | intermittent outages | b. | slow response time | c. | non-availability of
network services to all workstations | d. | all of the
above |
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95.
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An encrypted message is referred to as ____.
a. | keytext | c. | ciphertext | b. | strong text | d. | plaintext |
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96.
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Computers may break a code by using a(n) ____, which consists of trying all
possible keys.
a. | brute-force attack | c. | symmetric attack | b. | encapsulated effort | d. | signal-based
effort |
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Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions
Case 5-1
Thomas is a
network expert, having mastered the finer points of network structure, topology, and geographical
scope. He has built many different types of networks at home, school, and work.
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97.
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Thomas’s friend has indicated that he plans to use a file sharing system,
like BitTorrent, although it will operate on a small scale. What term best describes the network that
Thomas and his friend will construct?
a. | MAN | c. | peer-to-peer | b. | WAN | d. | client/server |
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Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions
Case 5-2
Esteban has
decided to install a computer network in his home. He knows he can choose wired or wireless, and that
there are differences in transmission speed and security.
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98.
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Esteban decides to install a wireless network. Which LAN technology will he most
likely choose?
a. | Bluetooth | c. | Infrared | b. | WUSB | d. | Wi-Fi |
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Case-Based Critical Thinking Questions
Case 5-3
You have just
secured a new job with a new firm that is very security conscious. You’ve been instructed to
learn as much as possible about encryption to ensure the confidentiality of customer transactions as
well as electronic communications about new research and development projects.
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99.
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After researching this topic, you find that encryption can be used in all of the
following ways EXCEPT ____.
a. | securing credit card numbers transferred from shoppers’ computers to e-commerce
sites | b. | scrambling data sent over wired or wireless networks to prevent
intrusions | c. | scrambling the contents of e-mail messages to maintain privacy | d. | decrypting computer
archives so that the data they contain is unusable if the archive is lost or
compromised |
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100.
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You decide to use public key encryption to protect e-commerce transactions. Once
the browser uses the public key it receives from the server to encrypt the credit card information,
who can decrypt the message?
a. | you | b. | any user you authorize in the
firm | c. | any hacker who intercepts the transaction | d. | the Web server with
access to the private key |
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